Kipling Essays - Commonwealth War Graves Commission, Rudyard Kipling

Kipling In contemporary times, much criticism has been placed upon Rudyard Kipling for his support of British Imperialism; George Orwell went so far as to call him the "prophet of British Imperialism during its expansionist phase." To be sure, a considerable portion of Kipling's works were written in celebration and support of Imperial expansion, but it is short-sighted to simply label him as an Imperial propagandist or apologist. Two of his most oft-condemned poems, Recessional and The White Man's Burden, actually were used by both sides of the colonial issue at the time.1 A reading of Recessional, taken in the context of the prevailing attitudes of the time, seems to indicate that it is a piece about hubris rather than a promotion of the Empire. And the "burden" that Kipling writes on, while patronizing, was indeed a genuine burden.2 The fact that the British Empire went far in alleviating famine and disease in the conquered territories should not be ignored. It is beyond a doubt, however, that Kipling was convinced of Britain's superiority in the world. In For All We Have and Are, for instance, the reader is convinced with the last two lines, "What stands if Freedom fall?/Who dies if England live?" Kipling was not by far the most vociferous of the jingoists; having been somewhat of an outsider all for his life, he showed great sympathy for those whose lives were wasted in the expansion of the empire, and criticized the Imperial machinery that used them. His poetry as told by the common British soldiers show his ability maintain his status as poet laureate of the Empire while telling the stories of its victims, and at times, condemning it for the way it treated those soldiers. Kipling published Barrack-Room Ballads in 1890, and it immediately gained him great success in England. A collection of poems written in the voice of a London cockney, they display Kipling's remarkable breadth of understanding of soldiers and soldiering during the Victorian era. While reading The Young British Soldier one can perfectly picture a group of such men belting out the words of the song over mugs of beer: When the arc-made recruit goes out to the East 'E acts like a babe an' 'e drinks like a beast, An' 'e wonders because 'e is frequent deceased Ere 'e fit for to serve as a soldier, Serve, serve, serve as a soldier, Serve, serve, serve as a soldier, Serve, serve, serve as a soldier, Soldier of the Queen! Here Kipling echoes the fatalistic humor that seems to infect every soldier in every war. More fatalism and the unwillingness to speak directly of the horrors of battle surface in The Widow's Party: ...For half my company's laying still Where the Widow give the party. ...We broke a King and we built a road-- A courthouse stands where the regiment goad. And the river's clean where the raw blood flowed When the Widow give the party. Not only does Kipling create a brutal contrast between the soldier's description (a party) and the battle that actually took place, he injects a small amount of disgust that good young men died, all for the purpose of expanding the Empire into some godforsaken land that few in England had ever heard of. More of this veiled disgust surfaces in The Widow at Windsor, written as a British soldier who does not see the Empire as any kind of divine design: Walk wide of the Widow at Windsor, For half of Creation she owns: We have bought her the same with the sword 'an the flame, An we've salted it down with our bones. (Poor beggars! -- it's blue with our bones!) Take 'old of the Wings o' the Mornin', An' flop round the earth till you're dead; But you won't get away from the tune that they play To the blooming' old rag overhead. (Poor beggars! -- it's not overhead!) The theme that overrides in much of Kipling's poetry, however, is his sympathy for the common soldier and his treatment by those he is serving. Tommy endures to this day as the best commentary on the relationship between the soldier and the non-combatant public: I went into a theatre as sober as could be, They gave a drunk civilian room, but 'hadn't none for me; They sent me to the gallery or round the music-'alls, But when it comes to fighting', Lord! They'll shove me in the stalls! ... We aren't no thin red 'heroes, nor we aren't no blackguards too, But single men in

Free Essays on Isolation in Stone Boy

â€Å"Isolation in Stone Boy† Isolation is a major theme in â€Å"Stone Boy† by Gina Berriault, especially with Arnold emotionally and physically, and his family, and society. After Arnold killed his brother a lot changed for him and his family. Physically and emotionally, Arnold would isolate himself from his family and also society. Also both his family and society would isolate themselves from Arnold. After the death of Eugene isolation came into play with all of the characters in the story. Arnold physically isolated himself from his family and society. For example, Arnold physically isolated himself from his family when he went into the loft. â€Å"Arnold went into the barn, down along the foddering passage past the cows waiting to be milked, and climbed into the loftâ€Å" (Berriault 3). Arnold also physically isolated himself when he got in the back seat, when he, his father, and his uncle were leaving the Sheriff station. â€Å"Arnold went first through the hallway, hearing behind him the heels of his father and Uncle Andy striking the floor boards. He went down the steps ahead of them and climbed into the back seat of the car† (Berriault 6). He also physically isolated himself when he was sitting in the rocking chair with his arms folded and eyes lowered. Arnold isolated himself in the rocking chair because â€Å"if he stayed he thought, as he always stayed and listened when visitors came, they would see that he was only Arnold and not the person t he Sheriff thought he was. He sat with his arms crossed and his hands tucked into his armpits and did not lift his eyes† (Berriault 7). Arnold physically isolated himself at the end of the story when he went to get the calf. He thought â€Å"if he went for the calf he’d be away from the farm all morning† (Berriault 9). Arnold would physically isolate him self by going somewhere to be alone, or doing things physically to try to keep him from his family and society. Arnold emotiona... Free Essays on Isolation in Stone Boy Free Essays on Isolation in Stone Boy â€Å"Isolation in Stone Boy† Isolation is a major theme in â€Å"Stone Boy† by Gina Berriault, especially with Arnold emotionally and physically, and his family, and society. After Arnold killed his brother a lot changed for him and his family. Physically and emotionally, Arnold would isolate himself from his family and also society. Also both his family and society would isolate themselves from Arnold. After the death of Eugene isolation came into play with all of the characters in the story. Arnold physically isolated himself from his family and society. For example, Arnold physically isolated himself from his family when he went into the loft. â€Å"Arnold went into the barn, down along the foddering passage past the cows waiting to be milked, and climbed into the loftâ€Å" (Berriault 3). Arnold also physically isolated himself when he got in the back seat, when he, his father, and his uncle were leaving the Sheriff station. â€Å"Arnold went first through the hallway, hearing behind him the heels of his father and Uncle Andy striking the floor boards. He went down the steps ahead of them and climbed into the back seat of the car† (Berriault 6). He also physically isolated himself when he was sitting in the rocking chair with his arms folded and eyes lowered. Arnold isolated himself in the rocking chair because â€Å"if he stayed he thought, as he always stayed and listened when visitors came, they would see that he was only Arnold and not the person t he Sheriff thought he was. He sat with his arms crossed and his hands tucked into his armpits and did not lift his eyes† (Berriault 7). Arnold physically isolated himself at the end of the story when he went to get the calf. He thought â€Å"if he went for the calf he’d be away from the farm all morning† (Berriault 9). Arnold would physically isolate him self by going somewhere to be alone, or doing things physically to try to keep him from his family and society. Arnold emotiona...

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 86

Assignment Example Hint: There are two null hypotheses for each research question here. (2 pts. each, 8 pts. total). (d) List the type of variable for the dependent variable and independent variables (categorical or continuous). (.50 pt. each, 4 pts. total). Recall that researchers often compute total scores or average scores as a composite score when using measures. 1. What statistical test did the researchers conduct to test research question 2 and research question 3? (1 pt.) Was each test the appropriate one to use? Why or why not? (1 pt.) Hint: Consider how many groups they were comparing for school type by looking at the dfbetween in Table 3. 4. What is the Cohen’s d effect size for the difference in cyber bullying between males and females? (1 pt.) Interpret the effect size as small, medium, or large. (.50 pt.) Interpret the effect size in terms of standard deviation. (1 pt.) 1. Did the intervention (KWL group) and control groups statistically significantly differ on the pre-tests for the MAT, MI, or MAS? Support your answer with evidence from the article. Include what alpha level the researchers used as the criterion. (2 pts.) An Independent Samples t-test is used to draw inferences about two populations by comparing TWO INDEPENDENT samples on a continuous level dependent variable. In this case the researchers were drawing conclusions about the pre-test scores study group and control groups which are independent. 1. (a) State one research question from your area of interest that could be answered with an Independent Samples t-test (2 pts.). Identify the (b) independent variable (1 pt.), (c) dependent variable (1 pt.), and types of variables in your research question (2 pts.). 2. (a) State one research question from your area of interest that could be answered with a One-Way Analysis of Variance (2 pts.). Identify the (b) independent variable (1 pt.), (c) dependent variable (1 pt.), and types of variables in your research question (2 pts.). 3. (a) State one